走读丝路·跨越古今 双语纪录片丨第二集：一件耀州瓷的炉火传承 The inheritance of a Yaozhou porcelain stove

中国是陶瓷的故乡

China is known as the hometown of porcelain.

“China”一词，指中国，也指瓷器

The nation’s name “China” came from its fame as an exporter of exquisite porcelain wares.

早在西方掌握制瓷方法的一千多年前

More than a thousand years before the Western world mastered the art of porcelain making,

中国就已经能烧制出

China had been able to

精美华丽的瓷器了

produce these graceful porcelain wares.

由于瓷器的美观与实用

Due to their fineness and utility,

在2100年前

2100 years ago,

成为丝绸之路上的主要商品

porcelain wares became a major commodity traveling along the Silk Road.

包括提梁倒灌壶在内的

Extraordinary celadon glazed porcelain wares from Yaozhou Kiln,

一件件精美绝伦的耀州青瓷

such as the Handled Reflux Pot,

沿着丝绸之路走向世界

found their way to the world through the Ancient Silk Road.

梁亚萍是耀州窑陶瓷烧制技艺

Liang Yaping is an inheritor of the Yaozhou Kiln

代表性传承人

porcelain-making technique.

她已经在这里工作了20年

She has been working here for over two decades.

始终把产品的质量放在第一位

Liang always prioritizes product quality.

这个倒流壶是谁做的

Who made this reflux pot?

我的

I made it.

我跟你说

Listen carefully.

你这个不行

This won’t work.

看一下这里这么大的缝子

See? That’s too big of a crack.

会漏水

The water will leak through it.

在这里干的话一定要注意

If you want to continue working here, pay attention to these.

一个是粘接

One is bonding.

第二个就是刻花

The other is pattern carving.

如果粘不好

If you can’t glue it well,

咱刻好的杯子就没有用

the cup we finish carving will go to waste.

行

All right.

后头再干的时候要注意一下

Just pay attention next time.

正是有了匠人对产品的极致追求

It is because of their endless pursuit of excellence in product quality

才能不断的制作出精美的瓷器

that craftsmen in China have been able to produce such fine porcelain wares to this day.

你们几个都过来一下

Come here and take a look

这是一个壶

at this pot.

但是咱没有发现盖子

It has no lid,

所以它叫做倒装壶

so it is called the reflux pot.

倒装壶其实就是倒着装水

Just as its name implies, the reflux pot contains water in a reversed way.

看

Look!

它的水是不是在这个管的周围

The water is around the pipe.

这样的话

In this way,

如果它这个水的高度

If the water

如果不超过这个界线的话

is not higher than this line

它从这边是不会漏出来的

it won’t leak out from this side.

咱在从这块再倒出来

It can be poured out from here.

就是说（利用了）连通器液面等高

The design of the pot

这个原理

utilized the theory of communicating vessels.

这是咱的高科技

It is a high-tech product.

这个就是咱现在的一个成品

You can have a try

可以试一下

with this finished product.

好

Well.

这回咱反过来

Now, reverse it.

底下也不会漏吧

Water doesn’t leak out from the bottom.

这件青瓷提梁倒灌壶

The Handled Reflux Celadon Pot

距今1200多年

has a history of over 1200 years.

是至今发现的唯一一件耀州青瓷绝品

It is the only Yaozhou celadon masterpiece discovered so far.

它的壶盖与器身连为一体

With its lid integrated with the body,

可以把液体从壶底注入

liquid can be injected from the bottom of the pot

并从壶嘴正常倒出

and poured out normally from the spout.

这是根据物理学中的

It is made on the principle of the theory of communicating vessels

连通器液面等高的原理做成的

in physics.

工艺巧如范金 精比琢玉

The pot is extremely delicate and exquisite,

反映出古代工匠高超的制瓷技艺和智慧

fully reflecting the superb porcelain making skills and wisdom of ancient craftsmen.

这也是中国瓷器

This is the reason

能流传4200多年的原因

why Chinese porcelain can be passed down for more than 4200 years.

我想今天把你那个坯掰了以后

Did you feel down

还怕你会闹情绪哩

when I broke the base you were making?

没有 没有

Not at all.

质量不过关 扔了就扔了

Since its quality is not up to the standard, it should have been thrown away.

我加班重新做一个

I will make a new one after work.

也确实是的

That’s right.

你看咱费时费力做一件坯

We all know making the base of a porcelain ware

其实也不容易

is not an easy thing. It is really time and effort consuming.

但是你说咱这陶瓷

But thinking about the craftsmen of Yaozhou Kiln

想想这一千多年以前

over a thousand years ago.

咱耀州窑的工匠人家是咋做的

How did they make the porcelain wares?

我今天刚好把我师父

Today, I invited my master,

孟老师叫过来了

Mr. Meng over,

把上釉这块再给大家讲一下

and asked him to explain the technique of glazing to us all.

上釉你看先要搅

When glazing, you should firstly stir it,

插下去 往出递

Goes down in this way, and then stretch it out.

孟树锋是耀州窑烧制技艺

Meng Shufeng is the inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage

国家级非遗传承人

of Yaozhou kiln firing techniques.

研究了一辈子的瓷器

He devotes his whole life to porcelain making.

浸釉的意思就是

Immersion glazing refers to

里釉外釉一次上

apply the inner glaze and outer glaze together.

对 戳

Yes, poke it firstly.

旋 旋一下 对

Spin it.

再往下润

Stretch it downward.

砰 起

Bang it and lift it.

这个上的比较好

Well done!

你看咱们这个釉

Look at the glaze.

保证了我们耀州青瓷

Our Yaozhou celadon

必须是青颜色

must be cyan in color.

耀州瓷的青

The cyan color of the Yaozhou celadon

就是春天的颜色

is the color of spring.

大地刚好回春的时候

Spring

从一个寒冷季节到一个温暖季节

is a transitional period

它的一个过程

from a cold season to a warm one

泛一点淡淡的绿色

A faint green color can be seen.

耀州窑历经1400年

Over a history of 1400 years,

炉火至今不断

the fire in Yaozhou Kiln has never been out.

素坯在1200度的高温下

At a temperature as high as 1200 degrees Celsius,

经过15个小时的烧制

the blank base needs to be fired for 15 hours

才能形成一件件精美的瓷器

to form exquisite porcelain pieces.

这个釉色都还烧的

The glaze is well burnt.

比较均匀一些

It is quite even

亮度也好着呢

and bright.

耀州青瓷的制作多达30道工序

The production of Yaozhou celadon involves up to 30 processes,

这保证了耀州窑瓷器的纯正品质

which ensures the pure quality of Yaozhou kiln porcelain,

也让瓷器在丝绸之路上的

and allows for the uninterrupted trade of porcelain

贸易从未间断

on the Silk Road.

现在，借着“一带一路”的春风

Now, taking the opportunity of the "the Belt and Road" initiative,

2023年中国陶瓷产品出口数量

the export volume of China's porcelain products

达到1904万吨

has reached 19.04 million tons in 2023.

如今倒灌壶的复制品也作为国礼

The replicas of the reflux pot have also been presented as a national gift

赠送给多个国家的领导和外宾

to leaders and foreign guests of multiple countries,

成为传播中国历史文化 

becoming an ambassador for spreading Chinese history and culture,

光大耀州窑文化的使者

and promoting the culture of Yaozhou kiln.

斯人已去

The departed has left us,

精神永存

but her spirit lives on forever.

谨以此片纪念工艺美术大师梁亚萍女士

This film is dedicated to Ms. Liang Yaping, a master of arts and craftsT.